2025年12月24日 · Biologicals are a class of medicines made from living cells taken from plants, animals or bacteria. These cells are use in creating many types of health care products, including vaccines. …

2018年9月6日 · Biological and toxin weapons are either microorganisms like virus, bacteria or fungi, or toxic substances produced by living organisms that are produced and released deliberately to cause …

2025年12月17日 · Gender interacts with but is different from sex, which refers to the different biological and physiological characteristics of females, males and intersex persons, such as chromosomes, …

Good manufacturing practices (GMP) for biological products were first published by WHO in 1992 (1). This current revision reflects subsequent developments that have taken place in science and …

2013年5月22日 · Cell substrates are cells used to manufacture biological products. It is well established that both cell substrates themselves and events linked to cell growth can affect the characteristics …

2020年12月21日 · This fourth edition of the manual builds on the risk assessment framework introduced in the third edition. A thorough, evidence-based and transparent assessment of the risks allows …

In addition to directly monitoring the temperature of an autoclave, the effectiveness of its operation during each cycle may be checked by the use of chemical or biological indicators for sterilization or …

The catalogue of international reference standards for biological products is updated following the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization meetings. See below for the catalogue, listed in …

The World Health Organization brings together international experts in specific fields through its biological standardization programme to develop and revise specific recommendations for the …

APIs produced by fermentation and APIs of biological, biotechnological or herbal origin are treated as special cases. The applicant is requested to contact WHO/PQP regarding planned variations to such …